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University of California San Francisco
Patient Education

Reducing Your Risk of Infertility

Related Conditions
Infertility in Men
Infertility in Women

Your overall health is a reflection of your reproductive health. Give yourself a long and healthy life. Consider the following tips to stay healthy.

  • Maintain a normal body weight. Weighing too much or too little can not only put your health at risk, but also can diminish your fertility.
  • Exercise. Stay physically active to maintain fitness, adding weight training as you age, especially if you're over 40, to increase muscle mass and maintain a healthy body. But be careful not to overexercise and strain your body, such as consistently running more than 6 to 10 miles a day.
  • Don't smoke. Smoking lowers your chances for pregnancy and increases the risk of miscarriage. Smokers also tend to go through menopause two years earlier than non-smokers.
  • Never have unprotected sex. The sexually transmitted infection that you acquire today can affect your fertility tomorrow.
  • When you're ready to have children, don't delay. The age of the female partner is the number one determinant of successful fertility treatment for couples. The duration of infertility is the second most important factor.

    Once you're actively trying to conceive, don't delay evaluation, especially if you're over 35. If your cycles are regular, seek help after 12 months, or after six months if you're over 35. If your cycles are not regular, seek help immediately. Once you've started treatment, expect the evaluation to be completed in no more than two months and treatment cycles to range from three to six months before progressing to the next step.
  • Stay informed. Be the captain of your ship and always understand what is asked of you by your doctor. Ask questions, understand the process and be actively involved in your health.

The best approach to staying fertile in today's busy world is to take care of yourself: eat well, sleep well, reduce your stress and take all things in moderation. Consider your body a temple and take care of it. A good healthy body is a good reproductive body.

UCSF Health medical specialists have reviewed this information. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.

Recommended reading

Conception: How It Works

Learn the steps of conception and how each works including, sperm transport, egg transport, fertilization and embryo development, and implantation.

FAQ: Fertility Services at UCSF

Find frequently asked questions regarding fertility services at UCSF including, when should you consider fertility services, success rates and more.

Infertility Risk Factors

Maternal age is probably the most significant factor related to a woman's ability to conceive. Learn about other infertility risk factors here.

Infertility Treatment Financing Options

The process of resolving infertility can be difficult for many people, and the financial aspects of treatment can be especially daunting. Learn more,

Reproductive Surgery in Women

Some women have difficulty conceiving because of problems in their reproductive system such as a congenital malformation and require surgery. Learn more here.

The Menstrual Cycle

Hormones secreted by the hypothalamus, the pituitary and the ovary are the messengers that regulate the menstrual cycle. Learn more here.

Key treatments

  • Cryopreservation

  • Donor Sperm Insemination

  • In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

  • Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)

  • Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis

Related clinics

Center for Reproductive Health at Mission Bay

499 Illinois St., Sixth Floor
San Francisco, CA 94158

(415) 353-7475
M-F, 8 a.m. - 4:45 p.m.

Center for Reproductive Health at Mount Zion

2356 Sutter St., Seventh Floor
San Francisco, CA 94115

(415) 353-7475
M-F, 8 a.m. - 4:45 p.m.
Did you know?

In 1981, UCSF's Gail Martin co-discovered embryonic stem cells in mice and coined the term "embryonic stem cell." Today, our stem cell center is one of the largest in the U.S., and our researchers there are developing new treatment strategies for a broad range of disorders, including heart disease, diabetes, neurological conditions and cancer.

Learn more
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